Budget Deficit in Iraq for the Period 2004-2022.” The thesis submitted by the student Doaa Sajid Abtan under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Nizar Dhiab Assaf analyzed the indicators of external debt and the deficit in the general budget for the period (2004-2022), as well as the economic analysis of the relationship between external debt and the deficit in the general budget, and identified the most important reasons that strengthen that relationship. The discussion committee was headed by Prof. Dr. Abdul Rahman Obaid Juma, and the membership of Prof. Dr. Ahmed Wahib Hussein, MD. Ghaida Sadiq Salman. The thesis relied on the inductive approach as one of the methods of scientific research, through the analysis of statistical data obtained from various sources and the information provided by economic reports that served the interest of the research, in addition to using the quantitative analysis method. The results reached by the thesis showed that relying on external debt to finance the general budget deficit leads to an increase in financial burdens on the budget as a result of high debt service costs. The results of the analytical aspect also revealed that tax revenues represent a small percentage of total revenues, attributing this to the wars that Iraq witnessed after 2003, weak security stability, and the destruction of infrastructure, which made it difficult to collect tax revenues, while the results of the econometric analysis confirmed the validity of the hypothesis that there is an inverse relationship between external debt and the general budget deficit, in addition to the existence of joint integration and a long-term equilibrium relationship between them. The letter recommended the necessity of reducing reliance on external debt as a means of financing the general budget deficit, given its negative impact on the economy. Iraqi, and stressed the importance of diversifying sources of non-oil revenues by supporting economic sectors such as industry, agriculture and tourism, to increase their contribution to the gross domestic product. Department of Media and Government Communications رتب النص مع مراعاة التنقيط
The College of Administration and Economics at the University of Fallujah discussed the master’s thesis entitled “The Impact of External Debt on the Public Budget Deficit in Iraq for the Period 2004-2022.”
The thesis, submitted by student Doaa Sajid Abtan under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Nizar Dhiab Assaf, analyzed the indicators of external debt and the deficit in the general budget for the period (2004-2022). It also conducted an economic analysis of the relationship between external debt and the deficit in the general budget and identified the most important reasons that strengthen that relationship.
The discussion committee was headed by Prof. Dr. Abdul Rahman Obaid Juma, with the membership of Prof. Dr. Ahmed Wahib Hussein and Dr. Ghaida Sadiq Salman.
The thesis relied on the inductive approach, using statistical data from various sources and information from economic reports, in addition to quantitative analysis.
The results showed that relying on external debt to finance the general budget deficit increases financial burdens due to high debt service costs. Analytical results revealed that tax revenues represent a small percentage of total revenues, attributed to wars after 2003, weak security, and infrastructure destruction. Econometric analysis confirmed an inverse relationship between external debt and the general budget deficit, along with joint integration and a long-term equilibrium relationship.
The thesis recommended reducing reliance on external debt and diversifying non-oil revenues by supporting sectors like industry, agriculture, and tourism to increase their contribution to GDP.
Department of Media and Government Communications University of Fallujah
